Calculating-machine.



" No. 680,340. 'PatentedAug. I3, I90i.

.1. MALLMANN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

I (Application filed Sept. 1, 1900.)

(No Model.) I 6 Sheets-Shem I.

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No. 680,340. Patented Auu. l3, IBOI. J. MALLMANN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 1, 1900.)

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 680,340 Patented Aug. I3, I901.

J. MALLMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 1, 1 900) (No Model.) B Sheets-Sheet 3.

N0. 680,340. 7 Patented Aug. [3. l90l. J. MALLMANN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application filed. Sept. 1., 1900- 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.-

(No Model.)

m. 680,340. Patented Aug. I3, 1901. 4. MALLMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 1, 1900.)

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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No. 680,340. Patented Au [3, I901.

MALLMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application filed Sept. 1, 1900.)

(No Mo c lel.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

JAMES MALLMANN, OF SHEBOYGAN, WISCONSIN.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 680,340, dated August13, 1901.

Application filed $eptemher 1,1900. erial No. 28.746- (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES MALLMANN, of Sheboygan, in the county ofS'heboygan and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new anduSefulImprovementin Calculating-Machines, of which the following is adescription, reference beinghad to theaccompanying drawings, which are apart of this specification.

My invention has relation to improvements in calculating machines, moreparticularly to certain improvements upon the machine covered byUnitedStates Letters Patent issued to me on May 15, 1900, No. 649,522.

The primary object of the invention is to provide in a machine of thesame general class as that covered in the Letters Patent aforesaid animproved arrangement for operating the mechanism by pressure-keysinstead of by an implement separate from the mechanism and operated bymanual manipulation, as in said former Letters Patent.

With the above primary object and other incidental objects in View theinvention consists of the devices and parts or their equivalents, ashereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the entiremachine with a part of the upper portion of the casing removed. Fig. 2is a side view of the machine with one side of the casing removed. Fig.3 is a longitudinal sectional View of the mechanism removed from thecasing. Fig; 4 is a section on the line A A of Fig. 2 and looking to theleft. Fig. 5 isa detail plan view of the keyboard with the keys incross-section. Fig. 6 is a detail of one of the devices for locking thekeys when depressed and also for unlocking the longitudinalactuating-bars. Fig. 7 is a cross-section on the line A A of Fig. 2, butlooking to the right. Fig. 8 is a detail view of the paperspacingmechanism. Figs. 9, 10, ll, 12, and 13 are detail views of working partsof the machine, and Fig. 14 is a detail view of a modification in themechanism for unlocking the actuating-bars.

Referring to the drawings, the letter a indicates the casing of themachine, which may be of anysuitable construction best adapted forinclosiug the principal operating parts of the mechanism. In the top ofthe casing, near the front end thereof, are a series of sightopeningsl), and back of these openings the casing is provided with a raisedportion a. The top d of this raised portion, and which forms a keyboard,is provided with a plural ity of longitudinal lines of openings 6.Passing loosely through the openings of each line are operating-keys f,said keys gradually increasing in height from the forward key rearwardlyand being properly bent, so as to make a step-by-step arrangement of thefingerpieces at the outer ends of the keys. The finger-pieces of eachline of keys, with the exception of the first line of keys at the lefthand of Fig. 1 and the first two lines of keys at the right hand of Fig.1, are numbered consecutively from O to 9, the rear keys of the linesbeing numbered 0 and the numbers increasing consecutively toward the W 7front. The said first line of keys at the left hand of Fig. 1 and thefirst two lines of keys at the right hand of said Fig. 1 are numberedfrom 1 to 9, the rear keys being numbered 1 and the numbers increasingconsecutively toward the front and which arrangement is for a reasonhereinafter to be referred to. It is obvious that any desirable numberof lines of keys may be provided. In the machine illustrated in theaccompanying drawings I have shown nine of said longitudinal lines ofkeys.

Secured to the upper side of the top (1 are a series of bars g, therebeing one of said bars for each line of keys. Each bar is formed with aseries of diagonal slots h, the number of said slots corresponding tothe number of keys in each line. Each key is provided with alaterally-extending pin 1;, which normally is in line with the upper endof the slot h corresponding thereto. Below the top (Z each key isencircled by a coiled spring j, and these springs at their upper endsact against pins k, intersecting the keys, and thereby normally hold thekeys up. The lower ends of the keys fit in suitable guide-openings l inthe framework, and the lower extremities of the keys of each line arenorm ally a slight distance above the upper edge of a longitudinalactuating-bar m, there being one of said bars for each line of keys.This is true of all the keys of each longitudinal line of keys, With theexception of the forward key of each line, or the key numbered 9. Thiskey while it fits in an opening Zyet is not permitted to be presseddownwardly,so as to extend below the lower end of the opening, but itsdownward movement is limited by an angular ledge which closes the lowerend of said opening, as most clearly shown in Fig. 8.

The operating mechanism of the machine is connected to or carried by orsupported on a suitable framework located within the easing. Thisframework may be of any desired form of construction best adapted forsupporting the operative parts, and in the accompanying drawings I haveshown said framework as consisting of the two side pieces '17. 11,having the forward and rear depending legs 0 0, the lowerconnectingtransverse pieces 1) p, and the lower longitudinal base-piece q.

The longitudinal actuating bars m are adapted to slide in suitableguideways in the framework, and each of these bars is provided at itsforward end and upon its upper edge with a series of rearwardly andupwardly inclined teeth 0*, there being nine of such teeth shown, andthe rearward and forwardinclined edge of each tooth terminates in anupright shoulder s. The rear portion of each longitudinal actuating-baris formed or provided with an arm t. These several arms incline inwardlyor converge toward each other, and from the termination of the inclinedportions thereof they extend in straight parallel lines, the saidstraight parallel portions being provided on their upper edges withteeth to.

At the forward end of the machine and journaled in the side pieces ofthe framework is a shaft o, said shaft having mounted loosely thereon aseries of calculating-wheels w, nine of said wheels being shown intheaccompanying illustration of my invention, to correspond to the numberof sight-openings b and to also correspond to the number of actuatingbars m. It is obvious, however, that any desired number ofcalculating-wheels, openings b, and bars m may be employed. Eachcalculating-wheel has arranged around its periphery a series of numbersrunning from 0 to 9. Each calculating-wheel has also projecting from oneside thereof and integral with or fast to said side a ratchet-wheel :0.A pawl y engages each ratchet-wheel and prevents backward rotation ofsaid wheel, and consequently holds said wheel in adjusted position.

The rear ends of coiled spring 2 are secured to the rear ends of thelongitudinalactuating-bars, and the forward ends of these springs aresecured to a transverse rod 1, the said rod having its ends fixed in theside pieces of the framework. The tendency of these springs is to throwthe longitudinal actuating-bars forward; but in order to prevent saidsprings normally from forcing said bars forward I provide the upper edgeof each bar with a shoulder 2. Each shoulder is adapted to abut againstthe lower end of a mediallypivoted arm 3, there being one of these armsfor each longitudinal actuating-bar. The engagement of these shoulderswith the arms of course necessarily holds the bars back in the positionshown in Fig. 3. \Vhen the arms 3 are swung out of engagement with theseshoulders, then the springs at once thrust the actuating-bars forward,the said bars moving to the limit permitted by the engagement of theshoulders 2 with the particular key which has been depressed. In thecase of the for ward keys, or the keys numbered 9, the movement of thelongitudinal bars is not limited bythe engagement of the shoulder 52with thelower ends of said keys; but the shoulders 2 in such casecontact with the angular ledge, hereinbefore referred to, arranged belowthe lower ends of said forward keys. This unlocking of theactuating-bars is effected by reason of the action of the keys upon theslide-bars When one of the keys is depressed, the laterally-extendin gpin 7: thereof will ride down in the diagonal or inclined slot h, andthis will necessarily force the bar 1 rearward. The rear extremity ofeach of said bars, it will be noticed, is beveled, as indicated by thenumeral 4, and each bar is also provided just in advance of the beveledend with a notch 5. When, therefore, one of the bars g is thus forcedrearwardly, the bevel 4: will act against the upper end of one of themedially-pivoted arms 3 and turn said arm on its pivot, so as to throwthe lower end of said arm out of engagement with the shoulder 2 of theactuating-bar m, relating thereto. The moment the shoulder is thusdisengaged the coiled spring a of the particular actuating-bar willthrust said bar forward, and with this forward movement the shoulder 2is necessarily brought in advance of the lower end of the arm 3, and atthis moment the upper end of said arm falls into the notch 5, and isthereby permitted to swing back to its normal position, and hence theactuating-bar which has been thrust forward will remain in its forwardposition by the action of the spring z until the shoulder 2 is againbrought back of the lower end of the arm 3. This latter action isaccomplished by means of the mechanism which will now be explained.

Journaled in the side pieces of the framework is a shaft 6, upon whichis mounted a toothed wheel 7. On one extremity of this shaft is ahand-crank 8. The toothed wheel 7 meshes with another toothed wheel 9,carried on a shaft 10. On opposite ends of this shaft are cranks ll 11.To the ends of these cranks are connected links 12 12, the forward endsof said links being connected to a transverse bar 13. Whenever it isdesired to return any one or more of the actuating-bars rearward, thehand-crank 8 is turned in the proper direction, and this, through theinter meshing of the toothed wheels 7 and 9, will cause the transversebar to move rearward, and after said bar has moved rearward a certaindistance it will contact with the foward ends of the actuating-bars m,which have been thrust forward, and thereby force said bars rearward.This will cause the shoulders 2 to be brought into engagement with andto press against the lower ends of the arms 3, and thereby turn saidarms in a direction to permit the shoulders 2 to pass by the lower endsof the arms 3, and thereby resume their former positions back of thelower ends of said arms. This turning of the arms 3 will also cause theupper ends thereof to be thrown out of engagement with the notches 5,and thereby release the slide-bars g. The bars 9 are then returned totheir normal positions by the action of coiled springs 14, there beingone of said coiled springs for each bar g. The bars g are guided intheir sliding movement by means of pins 15, which extend from the top 01and pass through elongated slots 16 16 in each bar g. The rear end ofeach spring 14 is connected to a pin 17, extending upwardly from eachbar g, and the forward end of each of said springs is connected to theforward pin 15. Then the bars 9 are returned to their normal positionsin the manner just explained, the upper ends of the arms 3 then ride onthe bevels 4, and hence said arms 3 are turned in a direction so as tobring their lower ends in advance of the shoulders 2, and thereby againlock the actuating-bars m in their rearwardly-thrust positions. Alsowhen the slide-bars g are returned to their normal positions in themanner just explained the coiled springsj act expansively against thepins 70, which intersect the keys, and consequently force said keysupwardly to their normal raised positions.

Mounted loosely on a transverse shaft 18, which is located toward therear of the machine, is a series of printing-wheels 19, each of saidwheels having around the periphery thereof a series of type with thenumerals 0 to 9 thereon. Secured fast to one side of each printing-wheelis a toothed wheel 20, and each of these toothed wheels is in positionto be engaged by the teeth u of the arms i. From this arrangement itfollows that when any one of the longitudinal actuatingbars is movedforward the teeth 11/ will engage with the toothed wheel 20 relatingthereto, and thereby turn the particular printingwheel relating to saidtoothed wheel.

Suitable means should be provided for inking the type on theprinting-wheels, and in the accompanying drawings I show the preferredmeans for accomplishing this, consist: ing of two reels 21 21, mountedloosely on a transverse shaft 22. Upon these reels is carried aninking-ribbon 23. This inking-ribbon passes from one wheel to the otherand across the faces of the printing-wheels, as most clearly shown inFig. 1, it being guided across the faces of the printing-wheels byreason of its passage between sets of guidelugs 24 24 and 24 24. Theribbon is unwound from reel 21 at the right hand of Fig. 1 and wound upupon reel 21 at the left. To accomplish this, the outer side piece orflange of reel 21 at the left is provided peripherally with a series ofteeth 25, which are adapted to be engaged by a pivoted dog 26. This dogis provided with a laterally-extending lug 27.

The lug at certain intervals is engaged by a pin 28, extending from theshaft 6. When, therefore, the hand-crank 8 is turned, the pin 28, afterthe shaft 6 is rotated a certain distance, will contact with the lug 27and throw the engaging free end of the dog 26 into engagment with theteeth and through this means cause a slight rotation of the left-handreel 21, and hence a slight movement of the inking-ribbon each time thecrank 8 is turned, whereby new surfaces of the inking-ribbon arecontinually presented. In order to prevent the left-hand reel 21 frombackward movement after it has been actuated by the dog 26, I provide acoiled spring 29 on the spindle 22, said spring bearing against theinner flange of the said reel 21 and throwing the outer flange thereofinto frictional engagement with the framework, thereby forming africtional brake. When the ribbon is fully wound up on the left-handreel 21, it may be again wound up on the righthand reel 21 either byturning said reel or the spindle 22 by hand.

Journaled in the side pieces of the frame work is a rock-shaft 29'. Faston one end of this rock-shaft is a bell-crank lever 30, and to the upperarm of this bell-crank lever is connected the lower end of a finger-key31. On the opposite end of the rock-shaft 29 is a crank-arm 32. To thelower arm of the bell-crank lever 30 and to the extremity of thecrank-arm 32 are pivotally jointed the forward ends of links 33 33. Therear ends of these links are pivotally jointed to the lower ends ofmedially-pivoted levers 34 34. The upper ends of these levers carry aspindle 35, upon which is mounted a paper carrying and feeding cylinder36. This cylinder has adja cent thereto the usual curved paper guide andholder 37. Bearing against the under side of the cylinder is the usualyielding guideroll 38. The spindle 35 has also mounted thereon adjacentto one end of the papercarrying cylinder a ratchet-wheel 39 for spaceing the paper. This wheel is engaged by two pawls, one of said pawlsbeing indicated by the numeral 40 and the other by the numeral 41. Pawl40 is pivoted to one of a set of standards 42 42, and pawl 41 is pivotedat a point between its ends to one of the mediallypivoted levers 34. Theupper end of pawl 41 is provided with a projecting lug 43, which bearsagainst the upper end of pawl 40 and holds said pawl in engagement withthe teeth of the ratchet-wheel. The lower end of the pawl 41 bearsagainst a pin 44, which serves as a stop to limit the movement of saidpawl in one direction. A coiled spring 45 is secured to pawl 40 andserves to cause said pawl to jump into engagement with a tooth of theratchet-wheel on the movement of the paper-carrying cylinder. Both ofthese pawls are normally in engagement with the same tooth of theratchet-wheel, and said ratchetwheel is thereby held firmly againstaccidental turning from its normal position. In the operation of thesepawls when the paper-earrying cylinder is swung forwardly, so as tobring the paper into contact with the printing-wheels, the pawl llnecessarily remains in engagement with the same tooth of theratchet-wheel, in view of the fact that said pawl is carried by one ofthe medially-pivoted arms 34:. The pawl 40, however, on the forwardmovement of the paper-carrying cylinder will jump into engagement withthe next lower tooth of the ratchet-wheel, by reason of the fact thatsaid pawl is carried by one of the fixed standards 42. On the returnrearward movement of the paper-carrying cylinder, however, the pawl 40will necessarily cause the cylinder to be rotated rearwardly thedistance of one tooth, thereby shifting the paper the space of a line,and the pawl 1-1 will then jump into engagement with the said tooth, andthe two pawls will be again engaging the same tooth ready for arepetition of this operation on the next movement of the paper-carryingcylinder.

The standards 4-2 hereinbefore mentioned serve as bearings for the endof a roll 46, said roll having wound thereon the paper 47, upon whichthe printing is done. This paper is extended upwardly from the roll t6,thence between the guide-roll 38 and the paper-carry ing cylinder, andthence between said cylinder and the curved paper guide and holder 37.

By referring to the printing-wheels it will be seen that there is aspace 48 formed between every two of the projecting type. These spaceswhen several of the printingwheels are brought to printing position areadapted to be engaged by suitable mechanism, so as to hold said wheelsfirm in adjusted position, and thereby provide for proper aline ment. Inthe drawings I show for the purpose an angle-bar 49, said bar providedwith a depending stem 50, which is pivoted at its lower end, so as topermit the angle-bar to swing. An arm 51 extends forwardly from thepaper-guide 37, and as the paper-carrying cylinder is swung forwardlythis arm will contact with the angle-bar 4:9 and throw the forward edgethereof into engagement with the registering spaces 48, and thereby holdthe printing-wheels locked, with the characters on the several wheelsproperly alined ready for printing. Of course on the return rearwardswing of the paper-carrying cylinder the arm 51 is brought out ofcontact with the angle-bar 4:9, and hence said bar is permitted toreturn to its normal position out of engagement with the spaces 48.

When the finger-key 31, hereinbefore referred to, is depressed, thelinks 33 33 are of course thrust rearwardly, and these links aeting onthe medially-pivoted levers 34- cause said levers to turn in a directionto throw the cylinder 36 forwardly, and thereby bring the paper carriedby said cylinder into contact with the type on the printing-wheels whichhave been brought to printing position. In order to retrieve the severalparts referred to when finger-pressure on the key 31 is removed, Iprovide a coiled spring 52. The rear end of this spring is connected toone of the links 33 and the forward end of said spring to the rock-shaft29. The recoil of this spring will of course return the several parts totheir normal positions.

The toothed wheel 7, hereinbefore referred to, is provided on one facewith a projecting stop 53. Against this stop the rear end of a pivotedlever 54: is adapted to bear. The pivot-pin 55 of this lever extendsthrough an elongated slot 56 in the lever. The lever has also a pin 57extending laterally therefrom, and this laterally-extending pin isengaged by a hooked or bent arm 58, extending from the finger-key 31.The lever 54. is furthermore provided with an upwardly-extending arm 59,said arm provided at the extremity of its upper bent end with afinger-piece for convenience in operating. Now when the key 3l isdepressed the hooked or bent arm 58 will act on the pin 57 and cause therear end of the lever 5a to descend, thus throwing its rear extremityout of engagement with the stop 53. The free end of a flat spring 60acts on the lever 54:, and this spring the moment the end of the leveris forced down out of contact with the stop 53 will act to thrust thelever rearwardly until its end is beneath the stop. This movement of thelever is made possible by reason of the fact that the pivot-pin 55extends through an elongated slot 56in the lever. Now the moment therear end of the lever gets beneath the stop, as just explained, saidlever is held there as long as the lug 53 is bearing thereon, while thekey 31 is permitted to return to its normal position. The hand-crank isnow free to be turned, and the turning of this hand-crank returns thelongitudinal actuating-bars m to their normal positions, as hereinbeforeexplained. The turning of the crank is continued until the stop is againbrought into contact with the lever 54, the said lover of course havingreturned to its normal position the moment the stop ceased to bearthereon. If no locking means were provided for the crank 8, the operatormight at times thou ghtlessly turn the crank without type-writing theamount. If new it is desired to perform the calculating without puttingthe printing mechanism into operation, or if it is desired to set thecalculating-wheels to O, the finger-key 31 of course is not depressed atall, but instead thereof the finger-piece of the arm 59 is acted uponand the lever 5-]: depressed, so as to bring its rear end beneath thestop 53. This of course unlocks the shaft 6 and allows the hand-crank toturn the same. A spring-pressed pawl 61 engages the toothed wheel 7 andprevents backward rotation thereof.

It is necessary in machines of this character to provide means when oneof the calculating-wheels has made a complete revolution 2. e., has beenturned so as to bring to View through its appropriate sight-opening andspirally of its circumference.

for carrying over onto the next calculatingwheel of the series. Toprovide for this, I employ a cylinder 62, said cylinder having a seriesof graduated pins 63 extending therefrom and fora distance aboutone-half around For imparting rotation to the cylinder I mount on theaxis thereof a toothed wheel 64. This toothed wheel derives its rotationfrom a train of gearing between it and the toothed wheel 9, said'gearingconsisting of two pinions 65 and 66. Projecting from the periphery ofeach calculating-wheel, excepting the last calculating-wheel of theseries, is a pin 67. A series of spring-pressed pivoted dogs 68 are soarranged that their upper ends are in position to be acted upon by thepins 67 when the calculating-wheels make a complete revolution. Each dogis provided with a notch 69 and also with a shoulder 70 below saidnotch. A series of spring-pressed levers 71 are also provided, and eachof these levers is provided with a laterally-projecting lug 72, which isnormally in engagement with the notch 69, as shown clearly in Figs. 3and 9. A pawl 73 is pivoted to the end of each lever 71, and the upperends of these pawls are in position to engage with the teeth of theratchet-wheels 0c, excepting the first ratchetwheel at the right hand.Each pawl is held yieldingly in engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 00 by means of a coiled spring 74, one end of each of saidsprings being secured to one of the pawls and the other end to one ofthe levers 71. At its rear end each lever 71 carries anantifrietion-roller 75. In the operation of this carrying-over mechanismwhen one of the calculating-wheels is completing its revolution, or, inother words,

is rotating the distance from the numeral 9 .thereon to the O mark, thepin 67 of said calculating-Wheel will engage the upper end of the dog 68and turn said dog rearwardly on its pivot. This will release the lug 72of the lever 71 from engagement with the notch 69, and thereby permitthe lever to drop by the action of the spring thereon, bringing the lugthereof into engagement with the shoulder 70, as clearly shown in Fig.10, and also bring the upper end of the pawl into engagement with thenext lower tooth of the ratchetwheel a; than the tooth with which it isshown in engagement in Fig. 3. Now with the rothe series. The upliftingof the lever 71 also again brings the lug 72 thereof into engagementwith the notch 69, and consequently the parts are again held at theirnormal positions. If no means were provided to guard against suchcontingency, the calculating wheel, which is rotated by the carying-overmechanism in the manner just explained, might, owing to the momentum, becarried over beyond the required distance. In order to guard againstthis, I provide mechanism to prevent overrotation in carrying over, andthis mechanism consists of a rock-bar 76. This bar has aseries offingers 77 projecting therefrom, there being one of said fingers foreach pawl 73. The rock-bar has an arm 78 depending therefrom, the lowerend of said arm being in position to be acted upon by a cam 79, formedpartly around the circumference of the cylinder 62. When the crank S hasbeen turned sufliciently to bring the bar 13 to the limit of its rearmovement, and thereby thrust the bars m rearwardly to locked position,the cylinder 62 will then have been rotated sufficiently far to bringthe initial end of the cam 79 into engagement with the arm 78, andthereby turn the bar 76, and consequently thrust fingers 77 against thepawl 73. The pawl 73 being now in carrying position will be actuated bythe further rotation of the cylinder 62, and said pawls in raising andcarrying forward one tooth are wedged in between the ratchet-wheel 00and the pins 77. The ratchet-wheels and also the calculating-wheels arethereby prevented from possible overrotation through the momentum of thecarrier action. When the arm 78 passes off of the cam 79, the bar 76,with its fingers 77, falls back and remains in this position during themovement of the arms m rearwardly.

From the description of the machine thus far it will be apparent that onthe forward movement of the longitudinal actuating-bars m theratchet-wheels w are not rotated, the teeth 1" of said bars slipping bythe teeth of the ratchet-wheels without turning said wheels. On thereverse rearward movement of the actuating-bars, however, the teeth 4actively engage the teeth of the ratchet-wheels and cause a rotation ofsaid wheels. In order to hold the actuating-bars firmly in engagementwith the teeth of the ratchet-wheels during this rearward movement ofsaid actuatingbars, I provide a pivoted bar 80, said bar provided with aseries of projecting fingers 81, there being one of said fingers foreach longitudinal actuating-bar. I furthermore provide a pivoted arm 82,said arm having its forward end beneath the bar 80. The under edge ofthe arm 82 is provided with aprojection 83, which is in position to beacted upon by another cam 84: on the cylinder 62, said cam extendingpartly around the circumference of the cylinder. In the operation ofthis mechanism at the moment an actuating-bar m begins its rearwardmovement the cam 81 on the cylinder 62 will act on the projection 83,and thereby turn the arm 82 upwardly, causing its forward end to actagainst the under side of the pivoted bar 80, and thereby throw thefingers Si of said bar into engagement with the actuating-bars m,whereby the teeth of said actuating'bars are held firmly in engagementwith the teeth of the ratchetwheels in during the rearward movement ofthe actuating-bars.

In the operation of the invention the calculating-wheels are all firstturned to 0. To set the wheels to 0, add in the ordinary way such anamount to the amount shown on the (-alculating-wheels as to bring allthe wheels to 0. For example, if the calculatingwheels all show 9 addone by pressing the key 1 in the first column and turning the crank 8once around. This will bring all the wheels to 0; or if all the wheelsshow 0 excepting the wheel of the first column and that wheel shows thenumeral 1 all the 9 keys are depressed'and crank 8 is then turned oncearound, and all the calculating-wheels will then be brought to 0. Again,if the wheels show 000051690 press keys 999918-31, turn crank-handle 8once around, and all the Wheels will he at 0. In performing amathematical problem it is of course necessary to depress the keysf, andthis has the effect of unlocking the longitudinal actuating-bars m,which bars are then moved forwardly by the springs z, the forwardmovement being limited by contact of the shoulder 2 of eachactuating-bar with the lower end of the depressed key or with theangular ledge beneath the 9 keys in case these 9 keys are depressed, andthis movement is such as to cause the printing-wheels through theengagement of the teeth to with the wheels 20 to be rotated the properdistance to bring the type thereon corresponding to the numerals of thekeys depressed to printing position. The key 31 is next depressed, andthe paper-carrying cylinder is brought against the type and the printingtherebyeifected. As the stop 53 is now out of line with the end of thelever 54:, the crank Sis free to be turned. The turning of this crankcauses the bar 13 to act against the actuatingbars which have been movedforward, and said bars are thereby moved rearwardly to their normalposit-ions. In thus moving rearwardiy the teeth 1 thereof activelyengage the ratchet'wheels 17, and thecalculating-wheels are therebyturned the proper distance to display the numerals corresponding to thenumerals of the keys depressed through the sight-openiugs b.

In further explanation of the operation of the machine it will besupposed that it is desired to add and also type-write the nu mbers4512, 1b'10,and 125. In the first place, key 4 of the fourth column isdepressed; next, key 5 of the third column; next, key 1 of the secondcolumn; next, key of the first column. Key 31 is now depressed, and thiswill cause the number 4512 to be printed on the paper. The crank 8 isnow turned once around, and this will cause the same number to be shownon the calculating-wheels. The l key of the fourth column, the 0 key ofthe third column, and the 1 key of the second column are noWsuccessively depressed and then the key 31 again depressed and the crank8 turned. The number 1610 will now be printed on the paper, and thecalculatingwheels will show 6122. The 1 keyin the third column, the 2key in the second column, and the 5 keyin the first column are nowsuccessively depressed and the key 31 and the crank 8 operated asbefore. The number 125 will then be printed on the paper, and thecalculating-wheels will show the total of 62M. Having the severalnumbers now added and the several numbers type-written, the total istype-written. This is accomplished by first turning the papercarryingcylinder by hand one space in order to leave a divisional space betweenthe figures and their total. Key 3 of the fourth column, 2 of the thirdcolumn, t of the second column, and 7 of the first column are nowsuccessively depressed. The key 31 is next depressed and the total isthereby printed.

Multiplication is accomplished in the following manner: Suppose it isdesired to multiply twentyfour by three hundred and twelve. Key of thethird column, key 1 of the second column, and key 2 of the first columnare successively depressed, and this operation is repeated three times.Crank 8 is now turned once around. Next key 3 of the fourth column, key1of the third column, and key 2 of the second column are successivelydepressed, the operation being repeated once. Finally turn crank 8 andthe calculating-wheels will show the answer, 7488.

As hereinbefore pointed out, in the case of the first line of keys tothe left of Fig. 1 the 0 key is omitted, and the 0 keys for the firsttwo lines of keys at the right hand of Fig. 1 are also omitted. It isobvious that a 0 key for the first line of keys at the left hand isunnecessary. They are also not required in the case of the first twolines of keys at the right hand of Fig. 1, for the reason that thecalculating-wheels are always first set at 0, so that in case it isdesired to show, for instance, 100 on the ealculating-wheels only the 1key of the third column need be depressed, or in case it is desired toshow, say, 105 on the calculating wheels key 1 of the third column andkey 5 of the first column are depressed, omitting altogotherthedepressing of a key in the second column.

It will be understood that the printing wheels not only have the tendigits thereon, but also a blank space. In regard to the first line ofkeys at the left hand of Fig. 1 the printingwheel relating thereto isnormally at a blank space, as it is never necessary to print in thisline of keys. In regard to the first two lines of keys at the right handof Fig. 1, however, the printing-wheels relating thereto are normally atO, and this for the reason that the shoulders 2 of the actuatingbarsrelating to said first two lines of keys are located at about the pointthe 0 keys would contact with the shoulders and limit the forwardmovement of the actuating-bars, if such 0 keys were provided for saidfirst two lines of keys. (See Fig. 1.) 1 The result of this constructionis that when any key in the first two lines of keys at the right hand ofFig. l is depressed the actuating-bar relating thereto is movedforwardly the dis.- tance limited by contact of the shoulder thereofwith the depressed key. Now on the return rearward stroke of theseactuatingbars and any other of the actuating-bars which mayhave beenbrought forward said bars are all brought rearward by the action of thecross-bar 13 the same distance; but inasmuch as the arms 3 for theactuating-bars relating to said first two lines of keys are not at thispoint in position to engage the shoulders 2 of said bars, but arelocated slightly in advance of all the other arms 3, it is obvious thatthe springs .2 will compel said actuating-bars for saidfirst two linesof keys to make a slight forward movement, the extent of this slightforward movement being limited by contact of the shoulders of theact'uatingbars referred to with the arms 3 relating thereto. Now thisslight forward movement of the actuating-bars referred to will cause theteeth to to engage the printingwheels relating to the actuating-bars-inquestion and turn said printing-wheels so that 0 will be in printingposition, and hence it is for this reason that the printing-wheelsrelating to the first two lines of keys at the right hand of Fig. l arenormally set so that 0 is at printing position. Attention is alsodirected to the fact that if a 0 key in any line of keys having 0 keysis depressed it will turn the printing-wheels relating to said line ofkeys so as to bring O on said printing-wheels to printing positioninstead of the blank space, which is normally in printing position. Thecalculating-wheels, however, are not disturbed, but are left at theirnormalpositioni. e.,with Os showingthrough the sight-openings-and thisowing tothe fact that each of said actuating-bars near its forward endand upon its upper edge is provided with a blank space or with anuntoothed portion, whereby the ratchet-wheels are not rotated under theactuation of these 0 keys.

In using the machine, in case an error is made in touching the wrong keyit can be corrected before type-writing and adding. This is done byreturning the actuating-bars, which is readily accomplished by liftingthe front top cover of the casing and'pushing back'the actuating-bars,taking care to bear down slightly on the bars while they are be- 'ingpushed back.

Verifying is done by observing carefully the keys as they are presseddown, in order that any error may be corrected before the to suitcurrency designations used'i-n any par' ticular country.

WVhile I have herein shown and described specific details ofconstruction, yet I do not wish to be understood as restricting myselfthereto, inasmuch as mechanicalchanges or variations thereof capable ofperforming the same functions are deemed to be within the spirit andscope of my invention.

In Fig. 14: of the drawings I show a modified form of locking mechanismfor the actuating-bars m. Instead of employing the pivoted arms '3 shownin the other figures of the drawings I show a bar 85, having a beveledlower end and having its upper end formed with a projection 86, saidprojection adapted to engage the beveled end 4 of the sliding bar g. Thebar 85 works in a guide 87, and a spring 88, bearing against a pin 89,projecting from. the bar 85, normally holds said bar down, so that itslower end is engaged by the shoulder 2 of the bar m. Inthe operation ofthis modification when the slidebar 9 is moved rearwardly in the mannerhereinbefore fully explained the incline 4 thereof will serve to raisethe bar 85 out of engagement with the shoulder 2, and the projection S6of said bar will seat itself in the notch 53. \Vhen the actuating-bar mmakes its return rear movement, the beveled surface of the shoulder 2will act against the beveled lower end of the bar 85 and will causesaid'bar to be raised, so as to bring the projection 86 out ofengagement with the notch 5, and hence the several parts will be free toresume their normal positions.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination of actuating-barsprovided at their rear ends with teeth and at their forward ends withteeth, mechanismfor normally holding said bars locked against movement,a series of keys, mechanism between said keys and the locking mechanism,whereby when a key is depressed the locking mechanism is released fromengagement with the particular bar relating thereto, means acting on theactuating-bars so as to cause said bars when unlocked to move forwardlythe actuating-bars to their normal locked positions, means for returningthe keys to their normal positions, a series of printing-wheels, eachwheel having a toothed wheel fast tbereto, the said toothed Wheel beingadapted to be engaged by the rear teeth of the actuatingbars, and beingthereby rotated when said actuating-bars are moved forwardly, and aseries of calculating-wheels having ratchetwheels fast thereto, saidratchet-wheels being adapted to be engaged by the forward teeth of theactuating-bars and being thereby rotated, when said actuating bars aremoved rearwardly.

2. The combination of a series of actuatingbars, mechanism operated bysaid bars, locking mechanism normally holding the actuating-bars locked,a series of keys adapted, when depressed, to act on the lockingmechanism and thereby release the actuating-bars, means, when the barsare so released for thrusting said bars forwardly a certain distancedepending upon the particular key depressed, a revoluble shaft,crank-arms extending from said shaft, links connected at their innerends to the crank-arms, a transverse bar connected to the outer ends ofthe links, said bar adapted, when the shaft is rotated, to be movedforwardly and with the continued rotation of the shaft to moverearwardly and thereby contact with the ends of the forwardly-adjustedactuating-bars, and thereby return said bars to their normal lockedpositions, and means for returning the keys to their normal positions.

The combination of a series of actuatingbars provided with projectingshoulders, a series of mediallypivoted locking-arms, each arm engagingwith the shoulder of an actuating-bar, a series of keys, mechanismbetween said keys and the locking-arms, and adapted to be operated bythe depression of the keys, and to act on the upper ends of thelocking-arms, and thereby turn said lockingarms and release the samefrom the shoulders of the actuating-bars, mechanism, when theactuating-bars are released, for moving said bars forward a certaindistance, depending upon the particular key depressed, mechanismoperated by said actuating-bars on the forward thrust thereof, mechanismforreturning the actuating-bars to their normal locked positions,mechanism operated by said actuating-bars on their return movement, andmeans for returning the keys to their normal positions.

4. The combination ofa series of actuatingbars provided with projectingshoulders, mechanism operated by said actuating-bars, a series oflocking-arms, each arm engaging at one end with the shoulder of anactuatingbar, a series of slide-bars having beveled surfaces engagingthe locking-arms, and said slide-bars also provided with notches, aseries of keys adapted, when depressed, to act on the slide-bars andcause said bars to move,

and through the engagement of the beveled surfaces of the bars with thelocking-arms to move said locking-arms out of engagement with theshoulders, the slide bars at the limit of their movements being lockedby the engagement of the locking-arms with the notches, means when theactuating-bars are unlocked for moving said bars a certain distancedepending upon the particular key depressed, means for returning theactuatingbars to normal positions, the return movement causing theshoulders thereof to contact with the locking-arms and thereby releasesaid locking-arms from engagement with the notches of the slide-bars,means for returning the slide-bars to normal position when so released,the return movement of said slide-bars causing the locking-arms to againengage the shoulders and holding the actuating-bars in locked positions,and means for returning the keys to normal positions.

5. The combination of a series of actuating:

bars, mechanism operated by said actuatingbars, locking mechanismengaging the actuating-bars and normally holding said bars in lockedposition, a series of slide-bars provided with inclined slots, a seriesof keys pro vided with projecting pins, the pin of any particular keyadapted, when the key is depressed, to pass into the inclined slot ofthe slide-bar relating thereto and cause said slidebar to move, themovement of the slide-bar acting on the locking mechanism and causingsaid locking mechanism to be released from the actuatingbar, saidlocking mechanism at the same time engaging the slidebarand holding saidbar in its adjusted position, means when the actuating-bar is unlockedfor moving said bar a certain distance depending upon the particular keydepressed, means for returning the actuating-bar to its normal lockedposition, the return movement of said bar releasing the lockingmechanism from engagement with the slide-bar, means for returning saidslide-bar to its normal position when so released, and means forreturning the key to its normal position.

6. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a series ofprintingwheels having printing characters on the periphery thereof withspaces between the characters, means for rotating said printing-wheelsso as to bring different characters thereof to printing position and thespaces of the several Wheels into alinement, a pivoted bar, armscarrying a paper-carrying cylinder, means for swinging said arms so asto cause the paper-cylinder to be swung to a position to bring the papercarried thereby into contact with the characters on the printing-wheels,and a con tact-arm carried with the swinging arms and adapted to strikethe pivoted bar and cause the same to engage the alined spaces of theprinting-wheels.

7. The combination of printing-wheels, spindles, reels mounted looselythereon, the

side flange of one of said reels provided with teeth around itsperiphery, a dog, and a rotatorily movable shaft having a fingerprojecting therefrom, said finger adapted to engage the dog and causesaid dog to engage the teeth of the flange of the reel, to thereby giveto said reel an intermittent motion and cause an inking-ribbon upon oneof the reels to be unwound therefrom, and wound up upon the other reel.

8. The combination of a series of actuatingbars, calculating mechanismoperated by the bars upon one movement thereof, printingwheels operatedby the bars upon the reverse movement thereof, a swinging paper-carryingcylinder, a revoluble shaft, a crank-handle for turning the same, agear-wheel mounted upon the said shaft, another shaft having agear-wheel thereon in mesh with the first-referred-to gear-wheel, atransverse bar, a connection between said bar and the last-referred-toshaft, whereby when said shaft is rotated the transverse bar will act onthe actuating-bars which have been moved in one direction and returnsaid bars to their normal positions, means for normally locking therevoluble shaft against turning, a key ad apted,when depressed, tounlock said shaft, and mechanism between said key and the paper-carryingcylinder for causing a movement of said paper-carrying cylinder in adirection to thrust the paper into engagement with the characters on theprinting-wheels which have been brought to printingposition.

'9. The combination of a series of actuatingbars, calculating mechanismoperated by the bars upon one movement thereof, a swingingpaper-carrying cylinder, a revoluble shaft, a crank-handle for turningsaid shaft, a gear- E wheel mounted on the said shaft, said geari wheelprovided on one face with a lug, a pivoted limitedly-slidable leverhaving its free 1 end normally in engagement with the lug,

and also provided with a projecting pin, a key having a hooked or bentarm in engagement with the pin, saidhooked arm adapted, when 1 the keyis depressed, to bring the free end of t'he lever beneath the lug of thegear-wheel, and thereby permit the revoluble shaft to turn, a connectionbetween said key and the paper-carrying cylinder for causing saidcylinder, when the key is depressed, to be swung in a direction to bringthe paper carried thereby into contact with the characters on theprinting-wheel which have been brought to printing position, anothershaft, a gearwheel mounted thereon and in mesh with the first-mentionedgear-wheel, a transverse bar, and a connection between said bar and thelast-referred-to shaft, whereby when said shaft is rotated the bar willact on the actu ating-bars which have been moved in one direction andreturn said bars to their normal positions.

10. The combination of a series of levers has rotated a certaindistance, to contact with the upper end of the dog and turn said dog soas to release the upper shoulder thereof from engagement with the lug ofthe lever and thereby permit said lever to drop and bring the pawl intoengagement with the next lower tooth of the ratchet-wheel, a cylinderhaving a series of graduated fingers extending therefrom and arrangedspirally around a portion of the circumference thereof, and means forrotating said cylinder, whereby after the cylinder is rotated acertaindistance, one of the fingers projecting therefrom will contact with thelever and thereby raise said lever and cause the pawl to partiallyrotate the ratchetwheel, and also cause the lug of the lever to againengage the upper shoulder of the dog.

11. The combination of a series of calculating-wheels, ratchet-wheelsfast thereto, means engaging the teeth of said ratchet-wheels in orderto operate the calculatingwheels, a pawl engaging each ratchet-wheel,means after a calculating-wheel has rotated a certain distance to causeone of the pawls to jump to a lower tooth of the next succeedingratchetwheel and to subsequently act on the tooth and partially rotatesaid succeeding ratchetwheel and the calculating-wheel fast thereto, arock-bar provided with a series of projections in line with the pawls,and a cam constructed to act on the rock-bar when the pawl partiallyrotates the ratchet-wheel so'as to throw the projections of the barclose to the pawls, and thereby prevent the pawls from overrotating thecalculating-wheels.

12. The combination of a series of calculating-wheels, actuating-barsfor operating said wheels, a pivoted bar having a series of fingersprojecting therefrom in line to engage the actuating-bars, an armengaging the pivoted bar so as to swing said bar in a direction to causethe fingers thereof to engage the actuating-bars, and a cam foroperating the arm.

13. The combination of a type-wheel, means for rotating said wheel tobring different characters thereof to printing position, links, leverspivotally connected to the links, a papercarrying cylinder having itsaxis journaled in the levers, a ratchet-wheel rotatable with the paper-carrying cylinder, a spring-pressed pawl pivoted to a fixed part andhaving its free end engaging the ratchet-wheel, another pawl pivotedmedially to one of the levers and having one end engaging theratchetwheel, a stop adapted to contact with and IIO limit the movementof the depending arm of the last-mentioned pawl in one direction, meansfor actuating the links in one direction, whereby the paper-carryingcylinder is thrown into a position to contact with the type on thetype-Wheel which has been brought Witnesses: to printing position, and aspring acting on JAMES A. MALLMANN, the links to cause a reverseactuation thereof ANTON J. MALLMANNi whereby the paper-carrying cylinderis re turned to normal position; 10

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES MALLMANN.

